Heater



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. F., M. J. & H. B. PARQUHAR.

HEATER. No. 366,944. Patented July 19, 1887. @1 W I II I (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

P., M. J. 8: H. B. FARQUHAR.

HEATER.

No. 366,944. Patented July 19, 1887.

N. PETERS PImlo-Llllvogmpimr, Waihmghm, n. cy

NITED STATES PATENT Fries.

FRANCIS FARQUHAR, MILTON J. FARQUHAR, AND HENRY B. FARQUHAR, OF \VILMINGTON, OI'IIO.

HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 366,944, dated July 19, 1887.

Application filed March 15, 1886.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, Framers FARQUIIAR, MILTON J. FARQUHAR, and HENRY B. FAR- QUHAR, citizens of the United States, and residents of XVilmington, Clinton county, Ohio,

have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Heaters, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to hot-air furnaces;

and it consists in the construction, combination, and arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, and illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of our improved heater; Fig. 2, asectional elevation; Fig. 3, a

sectional plan on the line 1 2, Fig. 2; Fig. i, a side elevation of the heater, inclosing-walls removed. Fig. 5 is a sectional view through part of the magazine and fire-pot and their connecting-flue, taken on the line 1 2, Fig. 4.

masonry, the mouth of the ash-chamber being closed by a door, T, hinged at thebottom, and fitting, when closed, against an inclined face: plate, a. To ears I) at the top of the doorT is hinged an L-shaped lever, c, which swings 0 to a vertical position when the door is open and supports the same, as shown in Fig. 2.

In the lower part of the casing \V is fitted a grate, V, arranged below a fire-pot, S, and a neck, (7, projects from the casing \V, above 5 the fire-pot, through the front wall, U, and is provided at its outer end with a door, R, having a micacovered opening, :0.

The casing W is provided with a conical or dome-like top, f, which communicates with or 40 forms part of abent tube, Q, extending through the front wall, U, provided with a hinged cover, 9, and constituting a chute leading to a magazine, G, suspended within the cylinder 7 above the fire-pot. In some cases the 5' magazine and chute may be one structure.

The magazine G may be constructed and supported in different ways. As shown, it consists of two concentric cylindersthat is, an outer tapering cylinder, h, having a flange, 2',

Serial No. 195,329.- (No model.)

for the passage of bolts, by which it is bolted to the top f, and an inner section, h, in the form of an open cylinder, having at the upper end a flange, c, which rests upon an annular shoulder, y, within the cylinder it.

By bolting the cylinder h to the topfwe are enabled to readily remove and replace it at any time, and at the same time to strengthen and brace the top, so as to prevent it from yielding and warping under the influence of heat, and thereby separating at the joint between the top and the chute.

The lining or inside cylinder, it, extends down below the outer cylinder, and, being the longest, is the most apt to burn away; but as it rests loosely upon its bearing on the cylinder h, any warping of the inner cylinder will not impose any strain upon the outer cylinder, and the two may be readily separated when necessary to replace one or the other.

The main advantage of hanging the cylinder 71, loosely on its supports is that it may be easily shaken, so as to insure the free feeding of the coal, which otherwise might swell and become packed in the cylinder. This shaking is effected by means of a poker or other rod, which is introduced through the neck (I, and caught into any one of the series of openings (1 at the bottom of the cylinder.

The inner cylinder is smaller in diameter than the outer cylinder, to leave an ll1tClV0ll ing chamber, 22, and in this connection we profor to so construct the lining of the fire-pot as to leave a chamber, a, between the lining and the cylinder IV, and to put this chamber into communication with the outer, air and also with the chamber 1), so that a current of air passing to the chamber a is brought into direct contact with the highly-heated lining of the fire-pot, and, then passing to the chamber 1;, is brought in contact with the highly-heated cylinder h, and then flows from between the two cylinders among the gases passing from the fuel in a very highly-heated condition, and combines with the said gases at the point where they are hottest, so that there can be no chilling of the gases, and so that there is such a combination of the heated oxygen and the heated carbonaceous gases as will insure the between the chambers.

municates with the pipe m, communicates thorough combustion of all particles capable of being consumed.

It will be noted that the air enters at a point below the fire and flows upward toward the chamber Q), so as to insure a current resulting from the heated condition of the air, thereby causing it to impinge upon the fire and avoid that back-draft which is apt to result in furnaces of other constructions where the air supplied to the chamber '0 enters from above. In such cases, when there is but little draft, the heating of the air in the chamber 1) tends to cause it to rise from the said chamber and prevents itrfrom flowing among, the gases.

The air may be admitted to the chamber a at different points. We prefer to divide the said chamber at the front by a partition, t, extending between the casing \V and the lining of the fire-pot, and to admit the air to the bottom of the chamber a at one side of the partition .t through a flue, 8, extending through the front wall and provided with a hinged cover, 8.

Different connections may be made between the chambers to and 1;; but we preferto use a flue, t, communicating with the chamber a upon the side of the partition opposite tothat side where the air enters, the flue t extending to the upper part of the chamber 1) across the combustion-chamber, soas to be subjected to the action of the products of combustion and facilitate the heating of the air in its passage It will thus be seen that the, air is first caused to pass almost completely around the fire-pot in contact with the heated faces thereof, then upward through a flue exposed to the hot gases from the fire-pot, and-then down through the cylinder h, arranged in the hottest portion of the combustionchamber, so that it is in an intenselyheated condition when it mingles with the products of combustion.

The products of combustion pass from the combustion-chamber through an opening, to,

at one side of the casing W and above the firepot, and to a U-shaped flue, O, the ends of which extend through the front wall or plate, U, where they are closed by doors jj, and an uptake or smoke pipe, m, communicates with the flue 0 near one end, so that the products of combustion will pass directly from the opening w to the pipe m. In order, however, to secure the full benefit of the heat of the gases, we use one or more additional flues, D, similar in shape to the flue O and communicating therewith, and cause the heated gases to traverse all the said flues before passing to the smoke-pipe, the said flues, as well as the remaining portions of the heater, being arranged within a chamber, Z, to which cold air is admitted, so as to pass in contact with the heated surfaces. V

As shown, the fines O and D are arranged so as to encircle the casing WV, so far as'their shape will permit, but with an intervening space, 2, for the upward passage of air, and the flue G, at the end opposite that which comth'rough a pipe, 0, with the adjacent end of the flue D, and the opposite end of the flueD communicates by a pipe, 10, with the adjacent end of the flue O, and a valve, L, is arranged between the opening w and the pipes at and p. WVhen the valve Lis open, as shown in Fig. 3, the products of combustion can pass directly from the combustion-chamber to the smokepipe; butwhen the valve Lis closed the heated gases must traverse the flue G from the opening w'to the forward end of the flue, then pass downward to the flue D, and then traverse the latter to its opposite end, after which they will pass upward through the pipe 1) and flue O to the smoke-pipe.

The valve L may be operated in anysuitable manneras, for instance, by means of a rod, 70, jointed to the valve and extending through an opening in the front plate.

The heater above described may be arranged in any suitable casing-as, for instance, in a chamber formed by walls J of brick-work, and provided with one orfmore passages, 1', through which cold air can enter the'chamber Z below the lower flue, D, and pass freely upward in contact with all the heated plates and to the top of the chamber Z, from which it is con ducted by means of pipes to the different places to be heated.

It will be noticed that all of the radiatingflues are arranged around the casing W below the top of the latter, so as to reduce the height of the furnace, avoid the necessity of carrying the products of combustion to too great an extent vertically, which would interfere with the draft, and insure the heating of the air immediately after it has entered the chamber Z. One object of this arrangement is that, by passing the products of combustion through the lower flue, D, the last thing before they are conducted to the chimney, a great amount of heat will be extracted by contact with the in coming cold air, thus utilizing the heat which would otherwise be carried off by the'chimmy and wasted. Another advantage of placing the radiating-fines low down and near to the bottom of the chamber Z is the increased height of the heated air-column, which in- IIO creases the upward pressure and insures a better delivery of the heated air.

In order to prevent the escape of any gases which may be generated in the magazine between the door 9 and the end of the chute Q, and the condensation of such gases in contact with the cold face of the door, we provide the latter with a lining, 3, and extend a tube, 70, from the front or highest point of the chute Q into the reservoir, so as to conduct the gases as fast as generated downward to a point where they will be carried to the fire.

The chute may extend to and through the top of the furnace. It will be evident that the chamber it, instead of being formed by the shape of the lining, may be formed by channels in a hollow lining, or by tubes or metal casings in contact with the fire. It will also be evident that some of the above-described features may be used independently of the others.

\Vithout limiting ourselves to the precise construction and arrangement of parts shown, we elaiml. The combination, in a heater, of a easing inclosing the ash chamber, fire-pot, and combustionchamber, and radiating flues arranged outside of and below the top of said casing, the upper flue communicating directly at one end with the side of the combustionchamber and having a valve communicating with the smoke-pipe, and the other end communicating with the lower flue, and the said lower flue having at its opposite end an opening for communicating with the smoke-pipe, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of the casing iuclosing the ash-pit, fire-pot, and combustion-chamber, the flues O D, inclosing the casing and extending through a plate or wall,U, in front thereof, and communicating at one end through the pipe at, asmoke-pipe communicating with both flues at the other end thereof, an opening, w, communicating with the upper flue adjacent to the smoke-pipe, and avalve, L, arranged between the smoke-pipe and opening 20, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the walls J and plate U, inelosing a chamber, Z, a casing, W', inclosing an ashcnamber, fire-pot, and combustion-chamber, lines 0 D, each of a U shape, with its ends extending through the plate U and passing around the casing V, and arranged to leave an air-space, e, and air-inlet opening r, arranged to direct the air entering the chamber Z against the lower flue, substantially as set forth.

4. The combinaliomin a furnace,ofa fire-pot, an air-chamber, a, and an air-inlet thereto, a magazine supported above the fire-pot and provided with an air-chamber, 0, open at the lower end, and a communication between the chambers to and o, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination of the casing IV, fire pot lining S, constructed to leave a chamber, u, between the lining and the casing, partition t,airinlet upon one side of said partition, a flue, t, communicating with the chainbera at the other side ofsaid partition, and a magazine provided with a chamber, 0, open at the lower end and communicating with the fluet, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, in a heater, of a magazine having a chamber, 1), a tire-pot having a chamber, a, surrounding the same and communicating with chamber 1;, open at the lower end, and a flue, s, communicating with the chamber a, and extending through the outside of the heater and provided with a cover, substantial] y as set forth.

7. The combination of the magazinehaviug a surrounding air-chamber opening atits lower end into the fire-pot below, a fire-pot having a surrounding air-chamber,allue connecting said chambers,and an air-inlet communicating with the chamber which surrounds the fire-pot, and all arranged to cause the air to flow to said latter chamber and around the fire-pot, and thence to the chamber around the magazine, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination, with a heater,ofa magazine composed of two cylinders, h h, arranged to'form an intervening air-chamber, one of the cylinders being secured in a fixed position, and the other being provided with a flange, by which it is rotatably suspended within and from a bearing on the fixed cylinder, and eX- tending below the latter, substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

9. The combination, with the top of the heater, of a magazine, a chute communicating with the magazine and extending laterally therefrom above said top of the heater, a door closing the said chute and provided with a lining, 3, and a tube extending from the highest point ofthe chute to the reservoir,substantial]y as and for the purpose described.

10. The combination, in a heater, of the following elements, to wit: a fire-pot, a surrounding air-chamber,the fire-pot constituting one of the walls thereof, a fuelmagazine above the fire-pot, with an air-chamber at its mouth opening into the lire-pot, and an air-flue connecting the said air-ehambers,substantially as set forth.

11. In combination, in a heater, a fire-pot having a surrounding air-chamber, the pot being a wall thereof, and inlets therefor at the base of the furnace, a magazine with a surrounding air-chamber at the mouth,and a connecting-fl ue extending through the combustion chamber above the fire, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANCIS FARQUHAR. MILTON J. FARQUHAR. HENRY B. FARQUHAR. W'itnesses:

D. WV. TERRELL, D. B. VAN PELT. 

